Search Results (26112 CVEs found)

CVE Vendors Products Updated CVSS v3.1
CVE-2025-22012 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 8.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Revert "arm64: dts: qcom: sdm845: Affirm IDR0.CCTW on apps_smmu" There are reports that the pagetable walker cache coherency is not a given across the spectrum of SDM845/850 devices, leading to lock-ups and resets. It works fine on some devices (like the Dragonboard 845c, but not so much on the Lenovo Yoga C630). This unfortunately looks like a fluke in firmware development, where likely somewhere in the vast hypervisor stack, a change to accommodate for this was only introduced after the initial software release (which often serves as a baseline for products). Revert the change to avoid additional guesswork around crashes. This reverts commit 6b31a9744b8726c69bb0af290f8475a368a4b805.
CVE-2025-22004 2 Linux, Redhat 2 Linux Kernel, Enterprise Linux 2026-07-30 8.6 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: atm: fix use after free in lec_send() The ->send() operation frees skb so save the length before calling ->send() to avoid a use after free.
CVE-2025-22001 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/qaic: Fix integer overflow in qaic_validate_req() These are u64 variables that come from the user via qaic_attach_slice_bo_ioctl(). Use check_add_overflow() to ensure that the math doesn't have an integer wrapping bug.
CVE-2025-21994 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.6 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix incorrect validation for num_aces field of smb_acl parse_dcal() validate num_aces to allocate posix_ace_state_array. if (num_aces > ULONG_MAX / sizeof(struct smb_ace *)) It is an incorrect validation that we can create an array of size ULONG_MAX. smb_acl has ->size field to calculate actual number of aces in request buffer size. Use this to check invalid num_aces.
CVE-2025-21988 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 9.8 Critical
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/netfs/read_collect: add to next->prev_donated If multiple subrequests donate data to the same "next" request (depending on the subrequest completion order), each of them would overwrite the `prev_donated` field, causing data corruption and a BUG() crash ("Can't donate prior to front").
CVE-2025-21985 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amd/display: Fix out-of-bound accesses [WHAT & HOW] hpo_stream_to_link_encoder_mapping has size MAX_HPO_DP2_ENCODERS(=4), but location can have size up to 6. As a result, it is necessary to check location against MAX_HPO_DP2_ENCODERS. Similiarly, disp_cfg_stream_location can be used as an array index which should be 0..5, so the ASSERT's conditions should be less without equal.
CVE-2025-21984 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: fix kernel BUG when userfaultfd_move encounters swapcache userfaultfd_move() checks whether the PTE entry is present or a swap entry. - If the PTE entry is present, move_present_pte() handles folio migration by setting: src_folio->index = linear_page_index(dst_vma, dst_addr); - If the PTE entry is a swap entry, move_swap_pte() simply copies the PTE to the new dst_addr. This approach is incorrect because, even if the PTE is a swap entry, it can still reference a folio that remains in the swap cache. This creates a race window between steps 2 and 4. 1. add_to_swap: The folio is added to the swapcache. 2. try_to_unmap: PTEs are converted to swap entries. 3. pageout: The folio is written back. 4. Swapcache is cleared. If userfaultfd_move() occurs in the window between steps 2 and 4, after the swap PTE has been moved to the destination, accessing the destination triggers do_swap_page(), which may locate the folio in the swapcache. However, since the folio's index has not been updated to match the destination VMA, do_swap_page() will detect a mismatch. This can result in two critical issues depending on the system configuration. If KSM is disabled, both small and large folios can trigger a BUG during the add_rmap operation due to: page_pgoff(folio, page) != linear_page_index(vma, address) [ 13.336953] page: refcount:6 mapcount:1 mapping:00000000f43db19c index:0xffffaf150 pfn:0x4667c [ 13.337520] head: order:2 mapcount:1 entire_mapcount:0 nr_pages_mapped:1 pincount:0 [ 13.337716] memcg:ffff00000405f000 [ 13.337849] anon flags: 0x3fffc0000020459(locked|uptodate|dirty|owner_priv_1|head|swapbacked|node=0|zone=0|lastcpupid=0xffff) [ 13.338630] raw: 03fffc0000020459 ffff80008507b538 ffff80008507b538 ffff000006260361 [ 13.338831] raw: 0000000ffffaf150 0000000000004000 0000000600000000 ffff00000405f000 [ 13.339031] head: 03fffc0000020459 ffff80008507b538 ffff80008507b538 ffff000006260361 [ 13.339204] head: 0000000ffffaf150 0000000000004000 0000000600000000 ffff00000405f000 [ 13.339375] head: 03fffc0000000202 fffffdffc0199f01 ffffffff00000000 0000000000000001 [ 13.339546] head: 0000000000000004 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000000 [ 13.339736] page dumped because: VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_pgoff(folio, page) != linear_page_index(vma, address)) [ 13.340190] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 13.340316] kernel BUG at mm/rmap.c:1380! [ 13.340683] Internal error: Oops - BUG: 00000000f2000800 [#1] PREEMPT SMP [ 13.340969] Modules linked in: [ 13.341257] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 107 Comm: a.out Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3-gcf42737e247a-dirty #299 [ 13.341470] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) [ 13.341671] pstate: 60000005 (nZCv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 13.341815] pc : __page_check_anon_rmap+0xa0/0xb0 [ 13.341920] lr : __page_check_anon_rmap+0xa0/0xb0 [ 13.342018] sp : ffff80008752bb20 [ 13.342093] x29: ffff80008752bb20 x28: fffffdffc0199f00 x27: 0000000000000001 [ 13.342404] x26: 0000000000000000 x25: 0000000000000001 x24: 0000000000000001 [ 13.342575] x23: 0000ffffaf0d0000 x22: 0000ffffaf0d0000 x21: fffffdffc0199f00 [ 13.342731] x20: fffffdffc0199f00 x19: ffff000006210700 x18: 00000000ffffffff [ 13.342881] x17: 6c203d2120296567 x16: 6170202c6f696c6f x15: 662866666f67705f [ 13.343033] x14: 6567617028454741 x13: 2929737365726464 x12: ffff800083728ab0 [ 13.343183] x11: ffff800082996bf8 x10: 0000000000000fd7 x9 : ffff80008011bc40 [ 13.343351] x8 : 0000000000017fe8 x7 : 00000000fffff000 x6 : ffff8000829eebf8 [ 13.343498] x5 : c0000000fffff000 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000 [ 13.343645] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : ffff0000062db980 x0 : 000000000000005f [ 13.343876] Call trace: [ 13.344045] __page_check_anon_rmap+0xa0/0xb0 (P) [ 13.344234] folio_add_anon_rmap_ptes+0x22c/0x320 [ 13.344333] do_swap_page+0x1060/0x1400 [ 13.344417] __handl ---truncated---
CVE-2025-21970 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: Bridge, fix the crash caused by LAG state check When removing LAG device from bridge, NETDEV_CHANGEUPPER event is triggered. Driver finds the lower devices (PFs) to flush all the offloaded entries. And mlx5_lag_is_shared_fdb is checked, it returns false if one of PF is unloaded. In such case, mlx5_esw_bridge_lag_rep_get() and its caller return NULL, instead of the alive PF, and the flush is skipped. Besides, the bridge fdb entry's lastuse is updated in mlx5 bridge event handler. But this SWITCHDEV_FDB_ADD_TO_BRIDGE event can be ignored in this case because the upper interface for bond is deleted, and the entry will never be aged because lastuse is never updated. To make things worse, as the entry is alive, mlx5 bridge workqueue keeps sending that event, which is then handled by kernel bridge notifier. It causes the following crash when accessing the passed bond netdev which is already destroyed. To fix this issue, remove such checks. LAG state is already checked in commit 15f8f168952f ("net/mlx5: Bridge, verify LAG state when adding bond to bridge"), driver still need to skip offload if LAG becomes invalid state after initialization. Oops: stack segment: 0000 [#1] SMP CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 23695 Comm: kworker/u40:3 Tainted: G OE 6.11.0_mlnx #1 Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Workqueue: mlx5_bridge_wq mlx5_esw_bridge_update_work [mlx5_core] RIP: 0010:br_switchdev_event+0x2c/0x110 [bridge] Code: 44 00 00 48 8b 02 48 f7 00 00 02 00 00 74 69 41 54 55 53 48 83 ec 08 48 8b a8 08 01 00 00 48 85 ed 74 4a 48 83 fe 02 48 89 d3 <4c> 8b 65 00 74 23 76 49 48 83 fe 05 74 7e 48 83 fe 06 75 2f 0f b7 RSP: 0018:ffffc900092cfda0 EFLAGS: 00010297 RAX: ffff888123bfe000 RBX: ffffc900092cfe08 RCX: 00000000ffffffff RDX: ffffc900092cfe08 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffffa0c585f0 RBP: 6669746f6e690a30 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffff888123ae92c8 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: fefefefefefefeff R12: ffff888123ae9c60 R13: 0000000000000001 R14: ffffc900092cfe08 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88852c980000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007f15914c8734 CR3: 0000000002830005 CR4: 0000000000770ef0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: <TASK> ? __die_body+0x1a/0x60 ? die+0x38/0x60 ? do_trap+0x10b/0x120 ? do_error_trap+0x64/0xa0 ? exc_stack_segment+0x33/0x50 ? asm_exc_stack_segment+0x22/0x30 ? br_switchdev_event+0x2c/0x110 [bridge] ? sched_balance_newidle.isra.149+0x248/0x390 notifier_call_chain+0x4b/0xa0 atomic_notifier_call_chain+0x16/0x20 mlx5_esw_bridge_update+0xec/0x170 [mlx5_core] mlx5_esw_bridge_update_work+0x19/0x40 [mlx5_core] process_scheduled_works+0x81/0x390 worker_thread+0x106/0x250 ? bh_worker+0x110/0x110 kthread+0xb7/0xe0 ? kthread_park+0x80/0x80 ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50 ? kthread_park+0x80/0x80 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20 </TASK>
CVE-2025-21965 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Validate prev_cpu in scx_bpf_select_cpu_dfl() If a BPF scheduler provides an invalid CPU (outside the nr_cpu_ids range) as prev_cpu to scx_bpf_select_cpu_dfl() it can cause a kernel crash. To prevent this, validate prev_cpu in scx_bpf_select_cpu_dfl() and trigger an scx error if an invalid CPU is specified.
CVE-2025-21960 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.5 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: eth: bnxt: do not update checksum in bnxt_xdp_build_skb() The bnxt_rx_pkt() updates ip_summed value at the end if checksum offload is enabled. When the XDP-MB program is attached and it returns XDP_PASS, the bnxt_xdp_build_skb() is called to update skb_shared_info. The main purpose of bnxt_xdp_build_skb() is to update skb_shared_info, but it updates ip_summed value too if checksum offload is enabled. This is actually duplicate work. When the bnxt_rx_pkt() updates ip_summed value, it checks if ip_summed is CHECKSUM_NONE or not. It means that ip_summed should be CHECKSUM_NONE at this moment. But ip_summed may already be updated to CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY in the XDP-MB-PASS path. So the by skb_checksum_none_assert() WARNS about it. This is duplicate work and updating ip_summed in the bnxt_xdp_build_skb() is not needed. Splat looks like: WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 5782 at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:5155 bnxt_rx_pkt+0x479b/0x7610 [bnxt_en] Modules linked in: bnxt_re bnxt_en rdma_ucm rdma_cm iw_cm ib_cm ib_uverbs veth xt_nat xt_tcpudp xt_conntrack nft_chain_nat xt_MASQUERADE nf_] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 5782 Comm: socat Tainted: G W 6.14.0-rc4+ #27 Tainted: [W]=WARN Hardware name: ASUS System Product Name/PRIME Z690-P D4, BIOS 0603 11/01/2021 RIP: 0010:bnxt_rx_pkt+0x479b/0x7610 [bnxt_en] Code: 54 24 0c 4c 89 f1 4c 89 ff c1 ea 1f ff d3 0f 1f 00 49 89 c6 48 85 c0 0f 84 4c e5 ff ff 48 89 c7 e8 ca 3d a0 c8 e9 8f f4 ff ff <0f> 0b f RSP: 0018:ffff88881ba09928 EFLAGS: 00010202 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 00000000c7590303 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 1ffff1104e7d1610 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff8881c91300b8 RBP: ffff88881ba09b28 R08: ffff888273e8b0d0 R09: ffff888273e8b070 R10: ffff888273e8b010 R11: ffff888278b0f000 R12: ffff888273e8b080 R13: ffff8881c9130e00 R14: ffff8881505d3800 R15: ffff888273e8b000 FS: 00007f5a2e7be080(0000) GS:ffff88881ba00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 00007fff2e708ff8 CR3: 000000013e3b0000 CR4: 00000000007506f0 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: <IRQ> ? __warn+0xcd/0x2f0 ? bnxt_rx_pkt+0x479b/0x7610 ? report_bug+0x326/0x3c0 ? handle_bug+0x53/0xa0 ? exc_invalid_op+0x14/0x50 ? asm_exc_invalid_op+0x16/0x20 ? bnxt_rx_pkt+0x479b/0x7610 ? bnxt_rx_pkt+0x3e41/0x7610 ? __pfx_bnxt_rx_pkt+0x10/0x10 ? napi_complete_done+0x2cf/0x7d0 __bnxt_poll_work+0x4e8/0x1220 ? __pfx___bnxt_poll_work+0x10/0x10 ? __pfx_mark_lock.part.0+0x10/0x10 bnxt_poll_p5+0x36a/0xfa0 ? __pfx_bnxt_poll_p5+0x10/0x10 __napi_poll.constprop.0+0xa0/0x440 net_rx_action+0x899/0xd00 ... Following ping.py patch adds xdp-mb-pass case. so ping.py is going to be able to reproduce this issue.
CVE-2025-21958 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Revert "openvswitch: switch to per-action label counting in conntrack" Currently, ovs_ct_set_labels() is only called for confirmed conntrack entries (ct) within ovs_ct_commit(). However, if the conntrack entry does not have the labels_ext extension, attempting to allocate it in ovs_ct_get_conn_labels() for a confirmed entry triggers a warning in nf_ct_ext_add(): WARN_ON(nf_ct_is_confirmed(ct)); This happens when the conntrack entry is created externally before OVS increments net->ct.labels_used. The issue has become more likely since commit fcb1aa5163b1 ("openvswitch: switch to per-action label counting in conntrack"), which changed to use per-action label counting and increment net->ct.labels_used when a flow with ct action is added. Since there’s no straightforward way to fully resolve this issue at the moment, this reverts the commit to avoid breaking existing use cases.
CVE-2025-21954 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 9.8 Critical
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netmem: prevent TX of unreadable skbs Currently on stable trees we have support for netmem/devmem RX but not TX. It is not safe to forward/redirect an RX unreadable netmem packet into the device's TX path, as the device may call dma-mapping APIs on dma addrs that should not be passed to it. Fix this by preventing the xmit of unreadable skbs. Tested by configuring tc redirect: sudo tc qdisc add dev eth1 ingress sudo tc filter add dev eth1 ingress protocol ip prio 1 flower ip_proto \ tcp src_ip 192.168.1.12 action mirred egress redirect dev eth1 Before, I see unreadable skbs in the driver's TX path passed to dma mapping APIs. After, I don't see unreadable skbs in the driver's TX path passed to dma mapping APIs.
CVE-2025-21949 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: LoongArch: Set hugetlb mmap base address aligned with pmd size With ltp test case "testcases/bin/hugefork02", there is a dmesg error report message such as: kernel BUG at mm/hugetlb.c:5550! Oops - BUG[#1]: CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1517 Comm: hugefork02 Not tainted 6.14.0-rc2+ #241 Hardware name: QEMU QEMU Virtual Machine, BIOS unknown 2/2/2022 pc 90000000004eaf1c ra 9000000000485538 tp 900000010edbc000 sp 900000010edbf940 a0 900000010edbfb00 a1 9000000108d20280 a2 00007fffe9474000 a3 00007ffff3474000 a4 0000000000000000 a5 0000000000000003 a6 00000000003cadd3 a7 0000000000000000 t0 0000000001ffffff t1 0000000001474000 t2 900000010ecd7900 t3 00007fffe9474000 t4 00007fffe9474000 t5 0000000000000040 t6 900000010edbfb00 t7 0000000000000001 t8 0000000000000005 u0 90000000004849d0 s9 900000010edbfa00 s0 9000000108d20280 s1 00007fffe9474000 s2 0000000002000000 s3 9000000108d20280 s4 9000000002b38b10 s5 900000010edbfb00 s6 00007ffff3474000 s7 0000000000000406 s8 900000010edbfa08 ra: 9000000000485538 unmap_vmas+0x130/0x218 ERA: 90000000004eaf1c __unmap_hugepage_range+0x6f4/0x7d0 PRMD: 00000004 (PPLV0 +PIE -PWE) EUEN: 00000007 (+FPE +SXE +ASXE -BTE) ECFG: 00071c1d (LIE=0,2-4,10-12 VS=7) ESTAT: 000c0000 [BRK] (IS= ECode=12 EsubCode=0) PRID: 0014c010 (Loongson-64bit, Loongson-3A5000) Process hugefork02 (pid: 1517, threadinfo=00000000a670eaf4, task=000000007a95fc64) Call Trace: [<90000000004eaf1c>] __unmap_hugepage_range+0x6f4/0x7d0 [<9000000000485534>] unmap_vmas+0x12c/0x218 [<9000000000494068>] exit_mmap+0xe0/0x308 [<900000000025fdc4>] mmput+0x74/0x180 [<900000000026a284>] do_exit+0x294/0x898 [<900000000026aa30>] do_group_exit+0x30/0x98 [<900000000027bed4>] get_signal+0x83c/0x868 [<90000000002457b4>] arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x54/0xfa0 [<90000000015795e8>] irqentry_exit_to_user_mode+0xb8/0x138 [<90000000002572d0>] tlb_do_page_fault_1+0x114/0x1b4 The problem is that base address allocated from hugetlbfs is not aligned with pmd size. Here add a checking for hugetlbfs and align base address with pmd size. After this patch the test case "testcases/bin/hugefork02" passes to run. This is similar to the commit 7f24cbc9c4d42db8a3c8484d1 ("mm/mmap: teach generic_get_unmapped_area{_topdown} to handle hugetlb mappings").
CVE-2025-21946 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 8.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix out-of-bounds in parse_sec_desc() If osidoffset, gsidoffset and dacloffset could be greater than smb_ntsd struct size. If it is smaller, It could cause slab-out-of-bounds. And when validating sid, It need to check it included subauth array size.
CVE-2025-21945 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 8.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: fix use-after-free in smb2_lock If smb_lock->zero_len has value, ->llist of smb_lock is not delete and flock is old one. It will cause use-after-free on error handling routine.
CVE-2025-21939 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/xe/hmm: Don't dereference struct page pointers without notifier lock The pnfs that we obtain from hmm_range_fault() point to pages that we don't have a reference on, and the guarantee that they are still in the cpu page-tables is that the notifier lock must be held and the notifier seqno is still valid. So while building the sg table and marking the pages accesses / dirty we need to hold this lock with a validated seqno. However, the lock is reclaim tainted which makes sg_alloc_table_from_pages_segment() unusable, since it internally allocates memory. Instead build the sg-table manually. For the non-iommu case this might lead to fewer coalesces, but if that's a problem it can be fixed up later in the resource cursor code. For the iommu case, the whole sg-table may still be coalesced to a single contigous device va region. This avoids marking pages that we don't own dirty and accessed, and it also avoid dereferencing struct pages that we don't own. v2: - Use assert to check whether hmm pfns are valid (Matthew Auld) - Take into account that large pages may cross range boundaries (Matthew Auld) v3: - Don't unnecessarily check for a non-freed sg-table. (Matthew Auld) - Add a missing up_read() in an error path. (Matthew Auld) (cherry picked from commit ea3e66d280ce2576664a862693d1da8fd324c317)
CVE-2025-21932 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: abort vma_modify() on merge out of memory failure The remainder of vma_modify() relies upon the vmg state remaining pristine after a merge attempt. Usually this is the case, however in the one edge case scenario of a merge attempt failing not due to the specified range being unmergeable, but rather due to an out of memory error arising when attempting to commit the merge, this assumption becomes untrue. This results in vmg->start, end being modified, and thus the proceeding attempts to split the VMA will be done with invalid start/end values. Thankfully, it is likely practically impossible for us to hit this in reality, as it would require a maple tree node pre-allocation failure that would likely never happen due to it being 'too small to fail', i.e. the kernel would simply keep retrying reclaim until it succeeded. However, this scenario remains theoretically possible, and what we are doing here is wrong so we must correct it. The safest option is, when this scenario occurs, to simply give up the operation. If we cannot allocate memory to merge, then we cannot allocate memory to split either (perhaps moreso!). Any scenario where this would be happening would be under very extreme (likely fatal) memory pressure, so it's best we give up early. So there is no doubt it is appropriate to simply bail out in this scenario. However, in general we must if at all possible never assume VMG state is stable after a merge attempt, since merge operations update VMG fields. As a result, additionally also make this clear by storing start, end in local variables. The issue was reported originally by syzkaller, and by Brad Spengler (via an off-list discussion), and in both instances it manifested as a triggering of the assert: VM_WARN_ON_VMG(start >= end, vmg); In vma_merge_existing_range(). It seems at least one scenario in which this is occurring is one in which the merge being attempted is due to an madvise() across multiple VMAs which looks like this: start end |<------>| |----------|------| | vma | next | |----------|------| When madvise_walk_vmas() is invoked, we first find vma in the above (determining prev to be equal to vma as we are offset into vma), and then enter the loop. We determine the end of vma that forms part of the range we are madvise()'ing by setting 'tmp' to this value: /* Here vma->vm_start <= start < (end|vma->vm_end) */ tmp = vma->vm_end; We then invoke the madvise() operation via visit(), letting prev get updated to point to vma as part of the operation: /* Here vma->vm_start <= start < tmp <= (end|vma->vm_end). */ error = visit(vma, &prev, start, tmp, arg); Where the visit() function pointer in this instance is madvise_vma_behavior(). As observed in syzkaller reports, it is ultimately madvise_update_vma() that is invoked, calling vma_modify_flags_name() and vma_modify() in turn. Then, in vma_modify(), we attempt the merge: merged = vma_merge_existing_range(vmg); if (merged) return merged; We invoke this with vmg->start, end set to start, tmp as such: start tmp |<--->| |----------|------| | vma | next | |----------|------| We find ourselves in the merge right scenario, but the one in which we cannot remove the middle (we are offset into vma). Here we have a special case where vmg->start, end get set to perhaps unintuitive values - we intended to shrink the middle VMA and expand the next. This means vmg->start, end are set to... vma->vm_start, start. Now the commit_merge() fails, and vmg->start, end are left like this. This means we return to the rest of vma_modify() with vmg->start, end (here denoted as start', end') set as: start' end' |<-->| |----------|------| | vma | next | |----------|------| So we now erroneously try to split accordingly. This is where the unfortunate ---truncated---
CVE-2025-21915 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cdx: Fix possible UAF error in driver_override_show() Fixed a possible UAF problem in driver_override_show() in drivers/cdx/cdx.c This function driver_override_show() is part of DEVICE_ATTR_RW, which includes both driver_override_show() and driver_override_store(). These functions can be executed concurrently in sysfs. The driver_override_store() function uses driver_set_override() to update the driver_override value, and driver_set_override() internally locks the device (device_lock(dev)). If driver_override_show() reads cdx_dev->driver_override without locking, it could potentially access a freed pointer if driver_override_store() frees the string concurrently. This could lead to printing a kernel address, which is a security risk since DEVICE_ATTR can be read by all users. Additionally, a similar pattern is used in drivers/amba/bus.c, as well as many other bus drivers, where device_lock() is taken in the show function, and it has been working without issues. This potential bug was detected by our experimental static analysis tool, which analyzes locking APIs and paired functions to identify data races and atomicity violations.
CVE-2025-21906 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.6 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: clean up ROC on failure If the firmware fails to start the session protection, then we do call iwl_mvm_roc_finished() here, but that won't do anything at all because IWL_MVM_STATUS_ROC_P2P_RUNNING was never set. Set IWL_MVM_STATUS_ROC_P2P_RUNNING in the failure/stop path. If it started successfully before, it's already set, so that doesn't matter, and if it didn't start it needs to be set to clean up. Not doing so will lead to a WARN_ON() later on a fresh remain- on-channel, since the link is already active when activated as it was never deactivated.
CVE-2025-21901 1 Linux 1 Linux Kernel 2026-07-30 7.8 High
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/bnxt_re: Add sanity checks on rdev validity There is a possibility that ulp_irq_stop and ulp_irq_start callbacks will be called when the device is in detached state. This can cause a crash due to NULL pointer dereference as the rdev is already freed.